CELLULITIS VS LYMPHANGITIS- WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES?!
A lot of owners are familiar with the terms cellulitis and lymphangitis, but what are the difference in these conditions?
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the skin and the subcutaneous tissues. It typically causes a hot, painful swelling in the affected area. Most commonly, it affects the limbs, although it can occur anywhere on the body.
The condition is usually associated with a wound or prolonged exposure to wet and muddy conditions that soften and damage the skin’s natural barrier.
Horses with Chronic Progressive Lymphoedema (CPL) or feather mite infestations can also develop cellulitis.
Clinical signs include:
- A hot, localised swelling that can be painful to touch
- Varying degrees of lameness
- Occasionally, a raised temperature (greater than 38.5°C)
Lymphangitis on the other hand is inflammation of the lymphatic vessels within the limb and is generally a more severe condition than cellulitis.
Affected horses are often extremely lame, have a high temperature, and develop significant swelling throughout the entire limb, extending from the hoof to the elbow or stifle. This dramatic swelling is often described as giving the leg a “tree trunk” appearance.
TREATMENT
Treatment of both cellulitis and lymphangitis typically involves anti-inflammatory medication and antibiotics. Depending on the severity of the condition, your veterinary surgeon may also recommend corticosteroids or intravenous medications.
Prompt treatment is essential. The longer inflammation persists, the greater the risk of damage to the lymphatic vessels, which can become permanent.
In mild cases of cellulitis, horses recover fully and may never experience another episode. However, recurrence is common in more severe cases of cellulitis and lymphangitis due to lasting damage to the lymphatic drainage system.
It is important to remember that not every swollen limb is caused by cellulitis. However, if you are ever concerned about swelling in your horse’s leg, please contact us for advice. Our veterinary team will be happy to discuss your concerns and determine whether an examination is required.
REDUCING THE RISK OF CELLULITIS AND LYMPHANGITIS
While these conditions cannot always be prevented, the following measures can help reduce the risk:
- Keep your horse moving, as exercise supports circulation and lymphatic drainage.
- Minimise the amount of time spent standing in deep mud or sand.
- Thoroughly dry the legs after washing or prolonged exposure to rain.
- Consider stable bandaging horses that are standing in for extended periods or are prone to limb swelling while stabled provided legs are completely dry before bandaging.
- Treat for mites if applicable.
Early recognition and intervention are key. If you notice sudden swelling, lameness, heat, or pain in a limb, contact us as soon as possible.