Category: SMALL

1. Chocolate

Chocolate contains theobromine and caffeine, both of which are toxic to dogs and cats. Even small amounts can cause symptoms like vomiting, diarrhoea, rapid breathing, and in severe cases, seizures or death.

2. Christmas Pudding and Mince Pies

These traditional treats often contain raisins, sultanas, or currants, which can cause kidney failure in pets. The exact substance causing the toxicity is unknown, but even a small amount can be dangerous.

3. Onions, Garlic, Shallots, and Chives

Allium species, including onions and garlic, can cause oxidative damage to red blood cells, leading to anaemia. This applies to both raw and cooked forms, as well as powdered versions commonly used in seasonings.

4. Xylitol

This artificial sweetener, found in sugar-free gum, sweets, baked goods, and some peanut butters, can cause a rapid insulin release in dogs, leading to hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar), seizures, liver failure, or even death.

5. Cooked Bones

Cooked bones, such as turkey or chicken bones, can splinter and cause blockages or tears in the digestive tract. They can also pose a choking hazard.

6. Alcohol

Alcoholic beverages and foods containing alcohol can be toxic to pets, leading to symptoms like vomiting, diarrhoea, decreased coordination, and in severe cases, respiratory failure or death.

7. Nuts

Macadamia nuts are particularly toxic to dogs, causing symptoms like vomiting, tremors, and weakness. Other nuts can be high in fat and salt, leading to digestive upset or pancreatitis.

Accidents can happen, especially during busy or noisy times like the festive period. If you think your pet may have eaten or been exposed to something toxic, it’s important to act fast.

The Animal POISONLine, run by the Veterinary Poisons Information Service (VPIS), is a 24-hour emergency telephone service offering expert advice to pet owners who are worried their pet may have come into contact with something harmful.

Their team of vets and scientists have experience with thousands of toxic substances — from human medicines, household cleaners, and plants to garden products, agricultural chemicals, and even venomous bites or stings.

Based on the details you provide, they can advise whether your pet needs immediate veterinary treatment or whether it’s safe to monitor them at home, potentially saving you an unnecessary emergency trip.

Animal POISONLine: 01202 509000

Available 24 hours a day
Call cost: £35 (Mon–Fri, 8am–8pm) | £45 (all other times, including bank holidays)

Cats are masters of finding the warmest spot in the house, but outdoor and indoor cats alike can be vulnerable in cold weather.

• Provide warm shelter: Make sure your cat always has access to a cosy, dry indoor space. If they use a cat flap, check regularly that it isn’t frozen shut or blocked by snow or ice.
• Keep them in during extreme cold: During freezing conditions, it’s safer to keep cats indoors. If your cat is used to roaming, provide a litter tray and enrichment toys to keep them content inside.
• Create cosy resting spots: Place warm beds away from draughts and on raised surfaces to avoid cold floors. Heated pet mats or blankets (with safety features) can be especially comforting for elderly cats or kittens.
• Check your car: Cats sometimes crawl beneath car bonnets or onto tyres seeking warmth. Always tap the bonnet or honk gently before starting your engine.
• Stay playful: Cats can become less active in the winter. Interactive toys or puzzle feeders can help keep them mentally stimulated indoors.

Small pets feel the cold quickly and need extra protection when temperatures drop.

• Bring them inside if possible: A shed, garage, or enclosed porch offers valuable shelter from frost and wind. Ensure any space is predator-proof and still gets daylight.
• Insulate outdoor hutches: If they must stay outside, use extra insulation such as thick blankets, tarps, or bubble wrap over the hutch – but make sure air can still circulate.
• Plenty of bedding: Provide a deep layer of straw so your pets can burrow and keep warm. Check bedding daily and replace damp material promptly.
• Pet-safe heat sources: Use microwavable pet heat discs or snuggle pads to provide gentle, safe warmth.
• Check water supplies: Water bottles and bowls can freeze quickly – use bottle covers and check them several times a day.
• Extra calories help: Small pets burn more energy keeping warm, so they may need slightly more food in winter.

Winter can be a magical time full of crisp walks, cosy evenings, and maybe even a bit of magical snow. By making a few small adjustments, you can ensure your pets stay warm, safe, and full of joy all season long. After all, their comfort and wellbeing are part of what makes home feel so special during the colder months.

Pets often mask discomfort, so look out for subtle changes rather than obvious limping. Signs may include:

In cats:

• Reduced activity: Less play, reluctance to jump, or avoiding stairs.
• Grooming changes: Matted or unkempt fur, especially along the back.
• Sleeping patterns: Sleeping in new spots or more than usual.
• Behavioural shifts: Irritability, withdrawal, or less interaction.
• Physical indicators: Stiff movement or muscle loss in limbs.

In dogs:

• Limping or lameness: May favour one leg or struggle to get up.
• Reluctance to move: Hesitant to climb stairs, jump on furniture, or go for walks.
• Behavioural changes: Snapping or growling when touched, less interest in play.
• Muscle loss: Thinning of muscles around affected joints.
• Changes in posture: Hunched back or difficulty lying down comfortably.

If you notice any of the above signs, book a consultation with one of our vets who can help diagnose arthritis through:

• Physical examination: Checking joint mobility and pain responses.
• Imaging: X-rays to assess joint health.
• Pain assessment: Questionnaires to evaluate behaviour and discomfort.

Treatment options include:

• Medications: There is a wide range of medications available for your pet ranging from painkiller liquids/ tablets or even injections , your vet will help you decide which one is best for your pet and you.
• Physiotherapy: Our Certified Canine Mobility Nurse, Emma, is here to support your pet’s comfort and wellbeing. She creates personalised exercise rehabilitation plans tailored to your pet’s mobility needs, helping them stay active, mobile, and happy. Emma can also guide you on simple at-home adjustments and techniques that can make a big difference in managing pain and improving your pet’s quality of life.
• Weight management: Keeping pets lean reduces joint stress. Book a FREE consultation with nurse Natalie Bowness for help on weight management.
• Environmental adjustments: Ramps, low-sided litter boxes, or elevated food/water bowls help pets move comfortably.
• Supplements: Omega-3 fatty acids and glucosamine may support joint health.

HOME ADJUSTMENTS TO IMPROVE COMFORT

Simple changes at home can greatly enhance mobility and reduce discomfort:

• Supportive bedding: Soft, cushioned beds in quiet, accessible areas.
• Easier access: Ramps or steps for furniture, food, and water.
• Temperature control: Keep your home warm, as cold can worsen joint pain.
• Gentle exercise: Light play or short walks maintain mobility without overexertion.

With a little preparation and understanding, you can help your furry friends stay calm, comfortable, and safe throughout this busy season.

1. Walk Dogs Before Dark
Enjoy walks earlier in the day to avoid the evening commotion and unpredictable loud noises. If you get home after dark you can still help them burn energy safely indoors with food puzzles, training exercises, or hide-and-seek games.

2. Keep Pets Indoors
Even if your cat or dog is used to being outdoors, it’s best to keep them inside on Halloween and Bonfire Night. The reduced noise indoors will help them feel secure… and they’ll be safely out of reach from potential pranks or hazards.

3. Create a Calm Zone
Choose a quiet, familiar room with your pet’s bed, toys, and perhaps an item of your clothing. A covered crate or den-style retreat can help them feel secure. If your dog finds visitors especially stressful, consider leaving a polite sign outside your home on Halloween, such as: “Nervous dog – please don’t knock. Help yourself to sweets from the box!”

4. Manage Sound and Light
Close windows and curtains, keep lights on, and play soft music or white noise to mask sudden bangs during fireworks.

5. Stay Relaxed and Reassuring
Your pet takes cues from you – staying calm helps them feel safe. Offer quiet reassurance without over-fussing.

6. Check Microchips and ID Tags
Make sure your cat or dog’s microchip and ID tags have your current contact details, just in case.

7. Avoid Uncomfortable Costumes
Some pets tolerate dressing up, while others clearly don’t. If your pet shows signs of stress -such as flattened ears, tucked tail, or hunched posture – remove the costume right away. Their comfort comes before the photo op!

8. Keep Decorations and Candles Out of Reach
Opt for flameless candles to avoid accidents and keep wires and small decorations well away from curious noses.

9. Keep Sweets Secure
Chocolate, xylitol, and many sweets are toxic to pets. Store them safely and remind children not to share. If your pet eats something harmful, contact us immediately.

10. Speak to Your Vet if Needed
If your pet’s anxiety is severe, we can recommend calming products, pheromone diffusers, or medication to make firework nights less distressing.

Ticks are especially common in wooded areas, grassy fields, and moorland, essentially, the kind of places many dogs love to explore. There are different species of ticks, each adapted to feed on animals, such as sheep, deer, and even hedgehogs. So, if your pet loves an outdoor adventure, they could be more likely to encounter these bloodsucking hitchhikers.

What to look out for:

• A tick may appear as a small, greyish lump on your pet’s skin and can often be mistaken for a skin tag or growth.
• Ticks tend to attach around the head, ears, and front legs.
• As they feed, they swell in size, some can grow up to 1cm when fully engorged.

Tick-borne diseases in the UK and abroad

While Lyme disease (borreliosis) is the most well-known tick-borne illness in the UK, travelling abroad can expose pets to even more serious diseases, including babesiosis and ehrlichiosis. If you’re planning a trip with your pet, speak to your vet in advance about protection options.

Prevention and removal

Using a vet-recommended tick control product is key, particularly for pets who roam in high-risk areas or are heading overseas. If you do find a tick, remove it promptly with a tick-removal tool, making sure the mouthparts come out cleanly to avoid infection. Never try to pull it out with fingers or tweezers, as this can make things worse. If in doubt, please speak to your vet.

Parasites like ticks and mites may be small, but they can pose a big threat to your pet’s health and comfort. The good news? With regular checks, appropriate parasite control products, and prompt vet advice, you can keep your four-legged friend safe and happy, all year round.

The signs that a dog may exhibit can vary as the body temperature rises and heat stroke develops in severity. If you recognize any of the below signs, you should seek veterinary advice immediately:

• fast, heavy panting
• appearing distressed or agitated
• excessive drooling or foaming at the mouth
• excessive thirst
• bright red gums or tongue (may turn a purple tinge as severity increases)
• increased heart rate
• elevated body temperature
• diarrhoea
• glassy appearance to eyes
• staggering when walking
• collapse
• seizures
• unconsciousness

1 Companionship and emotional support

Pets provide unconditional love and companionship, which can significantly reduce feelings of loneliness. For individuals dealing with social isolation, having a pet can be a comforting and supportive presence. They are always there, ready to offer affection, and their consistent companionship fosters a sense of connection that can lift spirits.

2 Reduced stress and anxiety

Spending time with pets, especially stroking or cuddling them, has been shown to reduce stress levels. The simple act of petting a dog or cat releases oxytocin, a hormone known for promoting feelings of happiness and relaxation. Studies have found that the presence of pets can lower cortisol levels (a hormone associated with stress), helping individuals feel calmer and more at ease.

3 Routine and structure

For those struggling with depression or anxiety, maintaining a routine can be difficult. Pets, however, require regular feeding, grooming, and exercise, which naturally encourages their owners to create a structured schedule. This can be particularly helpful for people who have a hard time getting out of bed or staying on track. The responsibility of caring for a pet can give individuals a sense of purpose and accomplishment.

4 Physical activity and outdoor time

Many pets, especially dogs, need regular walks and playtime. This encourages their owners to get outside, get moving, and stay active. Physical activity is a proven way to improve mental health by boosting endorphins, reducing stress, and increasing overall mood. A brisk walk or a game of fetch can not only improve your pet’s well-being but yours as well.

5 Improved mood and emotional balance

Pets are known for their ability to cheer us up, especially on tough days. Their quirky personalities, antics, and unconditional affection often make us laugh and help take our minds off our worries. For individuals dealing with mood disorders, pets can provide a stabilising influence by offering a source of comfort and joy.

6 Building social connections

Pets can also play a role in fostering social connections. Dog owners, for instance, often meet others at dog parks or while walking their pets. These interactions can help individuals overcome feelings of isolation and create new bonds with others who share similar interests. Pets also serve as great conversation starters, making it easier to connect with people in social settings.

7 Therapeutic benefits

Animal-assisted therapy has become a popular treatment for mental health conditions like PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Trained therapy animals are brought into hospitals, nursing homes, and therapy sessions to offer comfort and support. The calming presence of animals has been shown to reduce symptoms of mental illness and provide emotional healing. The unconditional love and non-judgmental nature of pets make them ideal companions for therapeutic purposes.

8 Promoting mindfulness

Caring for a pet encourages mindfulness – being present in the moment. Pets don’t dwell on the past or worry about the future; they live in the here and now. By focusing on your pet’s needs and enjoying the simple moments spent together, you can learn to be more present in your own life, which can help reduce feelings of anxiety and stress.

Tail wagging

• Fast, wide wag: A sign of excitement or happiness. Your dog is thrilled to see you or in a positive mood.
• Slow wag or tucked tail: This can indicate uncertainty or fear. Pay attention to the situation and offer comfort if needed.
• Straight tail, rigid posture: Often a sign of alertness or tension, sometimes associated with aggression. Keep a safe distance and assess the situation.

Ear position

• Erect ears: Your dog is alert, focused, or happy.
• Flattened ears: This usually signals fear, anxiety, or submission. Your dog may be feeling overwhelmed or threatened.
• Relaxed, natural position: Your dog is calm and comfortable in their environment.

Eyes

• Soft eyes, relaxed gaze: Your dog is comfortable and trusting.
• Wide, dilated pupils: This can indicate fear, excitement, or aggression. It’s a sign that your dog is experiencing strong emotions.
• Staring or hard eyes: Direct staring may be a sign of challenge or aggression. Be cautious.

Posture

• Relaxed posture: A sign that your dog feels safe and is in a good mood.
• Cowering or shrinking back: Fear or anxiety, indicating your dog may want to avoid a situation.
• Standing tall with a raised chest: Confidence or a challenge, depending on the situation.

Mouth

• Open mouth with relaxed tongue: A sign of happiness, relaxation, or playfulness.
• Lips curled back (showing teeth): Aggression, fear, or a defensive posture. Your dog is warning you to back off.
• Panting: Can be normal after physical activity, but if excessive, it may signal stress or overheating.

• Observe context: Always pay attention to the situation when interpreting your pet’s body language. A pet’s emotional state can vary based on their environment, their interactions with others, or their health.
• Respond appropriately: If your pet is showing signs of distress, try to de-escalate the situation by offering comfort or space. If they’re showing excitement, join in the fun!
• Use positive reinforcement: Reward your pet with treats or affection when they display positive behaviours, like coming when called or sitting calmly.
• Respect their boundaries: Not all pets enjoy close physical contact all the time. Recognise when your pet wants affection and when they need space.

Being able to understand and respond to your pet’s body language is a key element in building a stronger, more trusting relationship. Whether your pet is a dog, cat, or another companion, learning their cues and respecting their emotional state can make life more enjoyable for both of you. Through patience, observation, and communication, you’ll be better equipped to meet their needs and create a positive and fulfilling environment for your furry friend.

1. Early detection of health issues

Just like humans, pets can develop health problems that may not show obvious symptoms at first. Regular vet visits are vital for identifying these issues before they become severe. Routine check-ups allow the vet to conduct tests, perform physical exams, and monitor your pet’s overall health.

• Signs of illness can be subtle: Cats, in particular, are known for hiding signs of illness, and dogs may only show symptoms when a condition becomes serious. Your vet can detect early warning signs of conditions like heart disease, kidney issues, skin and ear problems or even some cancers, helping to start treatment early when it’s most effective.
• Prevention over treatment: Early diagnosis can prevent health issues from escalating, reducing the need for more extensive, expensive, and potentially painful treatments later.

 2. Vaccinations and preventative care

One of the primary reasons for regular vet visits is to ensure your pet stays up to date with their vaccinations and preventative treatments. Vaccines are crucial in protecting your pet from contagious diseases that can have serious, even life-threatening, consequences.

• Core vaccinations: These include diseases like distemper, parvovirus, hepatitis and leptospirosis which can be highly contagious and dangerous for pets. The latter can be a health risk for people too.
• Boosters: Regular vet visits ensure that boosters are administered on time, maintaining immunity throughout your pet’s life.
• Parasite prevention: We can also prescribe parasite control for fleas, ticks, and worms. These parasites can cause serious health problems, including skin infections, digestive issues, and even life-threatening conditions like Lyme disease.

3. Dental health

Dental care is one of the most overlooked aspects of pet health. Just like humans, pets can suffer from dental problems, including gum disease, tooth decay, and infections. If left untreated, these conditions can lead to pain, difficulty eating, and even more serious health issues like heart disease.

• Dental exams: During regular vet visits, the vet will check for signs of dental disease, such as plaque build-up, gum inflammation, or loose teeth. They then may recommend a scale and polish to prevent tartar buildup and reduce the risk of infection.
• Home care advice: We can provide advice on how to care for your pet’s teeth at home, such as brushing techniques and appropriate chew toys.

 4. Weight and nutrition monitoring

Maintaining a healthy weight is critical for your pet’s overall wellbeing. Obesity can lead to numerous health issues, including joint problems, heart disease, diabetes, and a shorter lifespan.

• Weight assessments: Our Vets and RVNs regularly monitor your pet’s weight and body condition score (BCS) during check-ups. This helps ensure they’re not underweight or overweight.
• Diet recommendations: You can get guidance on choosing the best diet for your pet based on their age, breed, activity level, and any medical conditions they may have. You can also get tips on portion control and feeding schedules.
• Nutritional supplements: For pets with specific health concerns, we can recommend nutritional supplements to support joint health, digestion, or skin conditions.

5. Parasite control and external threats

Parasites like fleas, ticks, and worms aren’t just annoying – they can transmit diseases that seriously affect your pet’s health. Regular vet visits help protect your pet from these external threats.

• Flea and tick prevention: We can prescribe year-round treatments to keep your pet safe from fleas and ticks, which can cause skin irritation and infections and transmit diseases such as Lyme disease.

6. Spaying and neutering

If you haven’t already spayed or neutered your pet, a regular vet visit is the perfect opportunity to discuss the benefits of these procedures.

• Health benefits: Spaying and neutering reduce the risk of certain cancers and prevent behavioural problems like marking or aggression.
• Population control: Neutering helps control the pet population, preventing overpopulation and reducing the strain on animal shelters.

7. Behavioural guidance and training

Behavioural issues can be a source of stress for both pets and their owners. Regular vet visits provide an opportunity to discuss any behavioural concerns, such as aggression, separation anxiety, or excessive barking.

• Stress management: If your pet experiences anxiety or stress, we can provide advice on calming techniques, suitable toys, and even medication options if needed.

 8. Senior pet care

As pets age, they face unique health challenges that require additional care. Regular vet visits become even more important in senior pets to monitor for age-related conditions and provide the necessary treatments.

• Chronic conditions: Older pets are more likely to develop conditions like arthritis, kidney disease, or cognitive dysfunction. Routine visits allow for early management of these conditions.
• Adjusting diet and exercise: Our vets and RVNs can guide you on how to adjust your pet’s diet, exercise routine, and environment to accommodate their changing needs.

9. Trust and familiarity

Regular vet visits also allow you to build a relationship with your vet who will get to know you, your pet and their health history, making it easier to address any concerns you have.

• Reduced anxiety: Your pet will become familiar with visiting the vet, including the smells, noises and travel associated with the trip, thus reducing anxiety when visits are necessary.
• Personalised care: Over time, the vet will get to know your pet’s personality, making it easier to detect any subtle changes in their behaviour or health.